![]() AP also loves to ask questions about the minimum and maximum speeds of objects on banked curves/surfaces that have friction. (Remember, writing the equation below will likely give you 1-2 points!)īanked curves are another situation that is seen a lot in relation to centripetal motion. To figure out how to solve for F_n (normal force), look at the work below. In circular motion, the vector is usually positive if it points toward the center, and the vector is usually negative if it points away from the center. Since we're dealing with circular motion, you need to consider what is considered a positive or negative vector. This is how you should set up your work to demonstrate your understanding of how vertical loops work. Be careful about how to apply Newton's 2nd Law here. AP loves to ask if you can figure out the value (or at least, the expression) that the normal force is equal to. Normal force (or tension, if the object is attached to a rope/string) plays a big role in how the FBDs are constructed. Be prepared to combine these scenarios with energy concepts in the future!Īs you see in part (b) above, the FBDs of the roller coaster are different at the top of the loop and at the bottom. On another note, the maximum speed of a vertical loop is typically at the bottom of the circle. Critical speed occurs when the only centripetal force acting on the object is caused by gravity and is usually the minimum speed at the top of the vertical loop. AP loves to ask questions about critical speed/velocity in these problems. Vertical circles/loops are a popular scenario when discussing centripetal motion. Image from Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach Lecture (Shared by Miami University)
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